Example 1 – Full depth crack
A full-depth crack allows the water to reach the top of the granular layer, saturating it. In order to model how the moisture spreads from this point throughout the layer, we keep the top left element of the structure saturated (Figure 1 to Figure 3).
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Figure 1: Moisture infiltration through a full-depth crack – t=0
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Figure 2: Moisture infiltration through a full-depth crack – t=4
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Figure 3: Moisture infiltration through a full-depth crack – t=8
Example 2 – Pipe leak
Similarly to the case of a full depth crack, the effect of a leaking pipe can be simulated by keeping a node internal to the structure constantly saturated (Figure 4 to Figure 6).
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Figure 4: Moisture infiltration from a leaking pipe – t=0
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Figure 5: Moisture infiltration from a leaking pipe – t=4
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Figure 6: Moisture infiltration from a leaking pipe – t=8
Example 3 – Micro-cracks
The presence of micro-cracks over a certain length of pavement could be modelled by keeping the degree of saturation of some nodes underneath the asphalt layer constant but lower than 1 (Figure 7 to Figure 9).
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Figure 7: Moisture infiltration through micro-cracks– t=0
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Figure 8: Moisture infiltration through micro-cracks– t=4
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Figure 9: Moisture infiltration through micro-cracks– t=8
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